Updated 2008
In-Demand

Details Report for:
11-1021.00 - General and Operations Managers

Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of companies or public and private sector organizations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Includes owners and managers who head small business establishments whose duties are primarily managerial.

Sample of reported job titles: Operations Manager, General Manager (GM), Director of Operations, Plant Manager, Store Manager, Facilities Manager, Plant Superintendent, Vice President of Operations, Warehouse Manager, Chief Operating Officer (COO)

View report: Summary  Details  Custom

Tasks  |  Knowledge  |  Skills  |  Abilities  |  Work Activities  |  Work Context  |  Job Zone  |  Interests  |  Work Styles  |  Work Values  |  Education  |  Wages & Employment  |  Additional Information

Tasks   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Importance		 Category Task
77  Core Oversee activities directly related to making products or providing services.
74  Core Direct and coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with the production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
73  Core Review financial statements, sales and activity reports, and other performance data to measure productivity and goal achievement and to determine areas needing cost reduction and program improvement.
72  Core Manage staff, preparing work schedules and assigning specific duties.
71  Core Direct and coordinate organization's financial and budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, and increase efficiency.
67  Core Establish and implement departmental policies, goals, objectives, and procedures, conferring with board members, organization officials, and staff members as necessary.
66  Core Determine staffing requirements, and interview, hire and train new employees, or oversee those personnel processes.
58  Core Plan and direct activities such as sales promotions, coordinating with other department heads as required.
64  Supplemental Determine goods and services to be sold, and set prices and credit terms, based on forecasts of customer demand.
63  Supplemental Locate, select, and procure merchandise for resale, representing management in purchase negotiations.
63  Supplemental Monitor businesses and agencies to ensure that they efficiently and effectively provide needed services while staying within budgetary limits.
62  Supplemental Perform sales floor work such as greeting and assisting customers, stocking shelves, and taking inventory.
61  Supplemental Manage the movement of goods into and out of production facilities.
58  Supplemental Develop and implement product marketing strategies including advertising campaigns and sales promotions.
56  Supplemental Recommend locations for new facilities or oversee the remodeling of current facilities.
54  Supplemental Direct non-merchandising departments of businesses, such as advertising and purchasing.
43  Supplemental Plan store layouts, and design displays.

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Knowledge   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Importance
Knowledge
83  Administration and Management — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
75  Customer and Personal Service — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
75  Personnel and Human Resources — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
67  Economics and Accounting — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
64  Mathematics — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
60  Computers and Electronics — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
59  English Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
55  Clerical — Knowledge of administrative and clerical procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office procedures and terminology.
55  Sales and Marketing — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
50  Production and Processing — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
49  Design — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
48  Building and Construction — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
48  Psychology — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
48  Public Safety and Security — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
47  Law and Government — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
46  Education and Training — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
46  Transportation — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
40  Mechanical — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
38  Engineering and Technology — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
33  Communications and Media — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
32  Telecommunications — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
27  Geography — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
23  Chemistry — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
22  Sociology and Anthropology — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures and their history and origins.
21  Physics — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes.
12  Biology — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
10  Foreign Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
9  Therapy and Counseling — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
7  Medicine and Dentistry — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
6  Philosophy and Theology — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
3  History and Archeology — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
1  Fine Arts — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
1  Food Production — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.

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Skills   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Importance
Skill
75  Active Listening — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
72  Coordination — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
72  Critical Thinking — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
72  Speaking — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
72  Time Management — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
69  Complex Problem Solving — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
69  Judgment and Decision Making — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
69  Management of Personnel Resources — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
69  Monitoring — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
69  Reading Comprehension — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents.
66  Persuasion — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
63  Social Perceptiveness — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
60  Negotiation — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
60  Writing — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
56  Systems Analysis — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
56  Systems Evaluation — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
53  Active Learning — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
53  Instructing — Teaching others how to do something.
53  Management of Financial Resources — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
53  Management of Material Resources — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
50  Learning Strategies — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
50  Mathematics — Using mathematics to solve problems.
47  Service Orientation — Actively looking for ways to help people.
41  Operation Monitoring — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
41  Quality Control Analysis — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
31  Operation and Control — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
25  Troubleshooting — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
19  Technology Design — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
16  Operations Analysis — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
13  Programming — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
3  Equipment Selection — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
0  Equipment Maintenance — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
0  Installation — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
0  Repairing — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
0  Science — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

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Abilities   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Importance
Ability
78  Problem Sensitivity — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.
75  Oral Comprehension — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
75  Oral Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
72  Deductive Reasoning — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
72  Speech Clarity — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
72  Speech Recognition — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
72  Written Comprehension — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
69  Inductive Reasoning — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
66  Information Ordering — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
63  Category Flexibility — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
63  Fluency of Ideas — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
63  Written Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
60  Near Vision — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
56  Originality — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
53  Far Vision — The ability to see details at a distance.
53  Perceptual Speed — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
53  Selective Attention — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
53  Visualization — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
50  Mathematical Reasoning — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
50  Number Facility — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
50  Time Sharing — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
47  Flexibility of Closure — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
41  Finger Dexterity — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
41  Speed of Closure — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
41  Visual Color Discrimination — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
38  Memorization — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
35  Arm-Hand Steadiness — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
35  Auditory Attention — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
35  Hearing Sensitivity — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
35  Manual Dexterity — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
31  Control Precision — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
28  Depth Perception — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
28  Sound Localization — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
28  Speed of Limb Movement — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
25  Glare Sensitivity — The ability to see objects in the presence of glare or bright lighting.
25  Multilimb Coordination — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
25  Night Vision — The ability to see under low light conditions.
25  Peripheral Vision — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
25  Reaction Time — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
25  Spatial Orientation — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
25  Stamina — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
25  Trunk Strength — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without 'giving out' or fatiguing.
22  Rate Control — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
22  Response Orientation — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
22  Static Strength — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
19  Gross Body Coordination — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
6  Gross Body Equilibrium — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
6  Wrist-Finger Speed — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
3  Dynamic Strength — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
3  Extent Flexibility — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
0  Dynamic Flexibility — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
0  Explosive Strength — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.

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Work Activities   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Importance
Work Activity
84  Getting Information — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
78  Making Decisions and Solving Problems — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
77  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  • confer with other departmental heads to coordinate activities
  • coordinate production materials, activities or processes
  • direct and coordinate activities of workers or staff
  • direct and coordinate financial activities
  • oversee execution of organizational or program policies
77  Scheduling Work and Activities — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  • schedule employee work hours
73  Monitor Processes, Materials, or Surroundings — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
73  Monitoring and Controlling Resources — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  • develop budgets
  • develop management control systems
  • monitor operational budget
72  Selling or Influencing Others — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
71  Communicating with Persons Outside Organization — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
71  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
69  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
  • conduct or attend staff meetings
68  Judging the Qualities of Things, Services, or People — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
67  Interacting With Computers — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
66  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
  • stock or organize goods
66  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
66  Performing Administrative Activities — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
  • implement staff policies
66  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
65  Thinking Creatively — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
  • design decorative displays
64  Developing and Building Teams — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
64  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
63  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  • explain rules, policies or regulations
62  Analyzing Data or Information — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
  • analyze financial data
  • analyze operational or management reports or records
  • analyze organizational operating practices or procedures
  • analyze sales activities or trends
62  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
  • assign work to staff or employees
  • evaluate performance of employees or contract personnel
  • supervise advertising or public relations staff
  • supervise production workers
62  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  • use conflict resolution techniques
  • use interviewing procedures
  • use inventory control procedures
  • use negotiation techniques
60  Coaching and Developing Others — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
59  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
  • estimate product demand
59  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Material — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
58  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
  • provide customer service
57  Documenting/Recording Information — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
57  Provide Consultation and Advice to Others — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
57  Staffing Organizational Units — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
  • develop staffing plan
  • evaluate information from employment interviews
  • hire, discharge, transfer, or promote workers
  • interview job applicants
57  Training and Teaching Others — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
56  Developing Objectives and Strategies — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
  • develop marketing strategy
  • develop policies, procedures, methods, or standards
  • develop pricing strategy
55  Processing Information — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
52  Assisting and Caring for Others — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
43  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
39  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or water craft.
38  Handling and Moving Objects — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
31  Performing General Physical Activities — Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling of materials.
27  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
25  Controlling Machines and Processes — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
24  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.

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Work Context   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Context
Work Context
100  Telephone — How often do you have telephone conversations in this job?
95  Freedom to Make Decisions — How much decision making freedom, without supervision, does the job offer?
95  Structured versus Unstructured Work — To what extent is this job structured for the worker, rather than allowing the worker to determine tasks, priorities, and goals?
94  Contact With Others — How much does this job require the worker to be in contact with others (face-to-face, by telephone, or otherwise) in order to perform it?
92  Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results — How do the decisions an employee makes impact the results of co-workers, clients or the company?
90  Face-to-Face Discussions — How often do you have to have face-to-face discussions with individuals or teams in this job?
90  Indoors, Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in environmentally controlled conditions?
89  Frequency of Decision Making — How frequently is the worker required to make decisions that affect other people, the financial resources, and/or the image and reputation of the organization?
87  Deal With External Customers — How important is it to work with external customers or the public in this job?
84  Duration of Typical Work Week — Number of hours typically worked in one week.
84  Responsibility for Outcomes and Results — How responsible is the worker for work outcomes and results of other workers?
82  Electronic Mail — How often do you use electronic mail in this job?
82  Work With Work Group or Team — How important is it to work with others in a group or team in this job?
80  Coordinate or Lead Others — How important is it to coordinate or lead others in accomplishing work activities in this job?
77  Time Pressure — How often does this job require the worker to meet strict deadlines?
75  Letters and Memos — How often does the job require written letters and memos?
73  Responsible for Others' Health and Safety — How much responsibility is there for the health and safety of others in this job?
70  Importance of Being Exact or Accurate — How important is being very exact or highly accurate in performing this job?
68  Level of Competition — To what extent does this job require the worker to compete or to be aware of competitive pressures?
66  Frequency of Conflict Situations — How often are there conflict situations the employee has to face in this job?
60  Deal With Unpleasant or Angry People — How frequently does the worker have to deal with unpleasant, angry, or discourteous individuals as part of the job requirements?
54  Spend Time Sitting — How much does this job require sitting?
53  Physical Proximity — To what extent does this job require the worker to perform job tasks in close physical proximity to other people?
53  Spend Time Standing — How much does this job require standing?
51  Consequence of Error — How serious would the result usually be if the worker made a mistake that was not readily correctable?
51  Sounds, Noise Levels Are Distracting or Uncomfortable — How often does this job require working exposed to sounds and noise levels that are distracting or uncomfortable?
46  Importance of Repeating Same Tasks — How important is repeating the same physical activities (e.g., key entry) or mental activities (e.g., checking entries in a ledger) over and over, without stopping, to performing this job?
44  Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls — How much does this job require using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls?
43  Spend Time Walking and Running — How much does this job require walking and running?
42  Public Speaking — How often do you have to perform public speaking in this job?
36  Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions — How much does this job require making repetitive motions?
35  In an Enclosed Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in a closed vehicle or equipment (e.g., car)?
34  Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets — How much does this job require wearing common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hard hats or life jackets?
33  Degree of Automation — How automated is the job?
30  Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings — How often does this job require exposure to minor burns, cuts, bites, or stings?
28  Exposed to Contaminants — How often does this job require working exposed to contaminants (such as pollutants, gases, dust or odors)?
23  Spend Time Bending or Twisting the Body — How much does this job require bending or twisting your body?
21  Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled — How often does this job require working indoors in non-controlled environmental conditions (e.g., warehouse without heat)?
21  Very Hot or Cold Temperatures — How often does this job require working in very hot (above 90 F degrees) or very cold (below 32 F degrees) temperatures?
20  Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting — How often does this job require working in extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions?
20  Outdoors, Exposed to Weather — How often does this job require working outdoors, exposed to all weather conditions?
19  Exposed to High Places — How often does this job require exposure to high places?
19  Work Schedules — How regular are the work schedules for this job?
17  Exposed to Disease or Infections — How often does this job require exposure to disease/infections?
17  Exposed to Hazardous Equipment — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous equipment?
15  Deal With Physically Aggressive People — How frequently does this job require the worker to deal with physical aggression of violent individuals?
13  Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance — How much does this job require keeping or regaining your balance?
11  Outdoors, Under Cover — How often does this job require working outdoors, under cover (e.g., structure with roof but no walls)?
11  Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment — How important is it to this job that the pace is determined by the speed of equipment or machinery? (This does not refer to keeping busy at all times on this job.)
11  Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling — How much does this job require kneeling, crouching, stooping or crawling?
10  Exposed to Hazardous Conditions — How often does this job require exposure to hazardous conditions?
10  Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles — How much does this job require climbing ladders, scaffolds, or poles?
8  Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions — How often does this job require working in cramped work spaces that requires getting into awkward positions?
6  Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection — How much does this job require wearing specialized protective or safety equipment such as breathing apparatus, safety harness, full protection suits, or radiation protection?
5  In an Open Vehicle or Equipment — How often does this job require working in an open vehicle or equipment (e.g., tractor)?
4  Exposed to Whole Body Vibration — How often does this job require exposure to whole body vibration (e.g., operate a jackhammer)?
0  Exposed to Radiation — How often does this job require exposure to radiation?

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Job Zone   Save Table (XLS/CSV)

Component Description
Title Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed
 
Overall Experience Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job.
 
Job Training Employees in these occupations usually need one or two years of training involving both on-the-job experience and informal training with experienced workers.
 
Job Zone Examples These occupations usually involve using communication and organizational skills to coordinate, supervise, manage, or train others to accomplish goals. Examples include funeral directors, electricians, forest and conservation technicians, legal secretaries, interviewers, and insurance sales agents.
 
SVP Range (6.0 to < 7.0)
 
Education Most occupations in this zone require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree. Some may require a bachelor's degree.

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Interests   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Occupational Interest
Interest
100  Enterprising — Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business.
45  Conventional — Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
39  Social — Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.
6  Investigative — Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
6  Realistic — Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.
0  Artistic — Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules.

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Work Styles   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Importance
Work Style
93  Dependability — Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
88  Attention to Detail — Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
88  Leadership — Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.
85  Self Control — Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
84  Initiative — Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
84  Integrity — Job requires being honest and ethical.
84  Stress Tolerance — Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high stress situations.
82  Cooperation — Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
81  Analytical Thinking — Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
81  Persistence — Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
80  Adaptability/Flexibility — Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
77  Achievement/Effort — Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
74  Concern for Others — Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.
74  Independence — Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
72  Innovation — Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
64  Social Orientation — Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.

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Work Values   Save Table (XLS/CSV)


Extent
Work Value
89  Relationships — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment. Corresponding needs are Co-workers, Moral Values and Social Service.
83  Independence — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employs to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.
83  Working Conditions — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety and Working Conditions.
78  Recognition — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.
72  Achievement — Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.
61  Support — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.

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Education


Percentage of Respondents		 Education Level Attained
48  Bachelor's degree or higher
32  Some college
20  High school or less

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics external site survey of employees aged 25-44.

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Wages & Employment Trends

National

Category Occupation Information
Median wages (2007) $42.64 hourly, $88,700 annual
 
Employment (2006) 1,720,000 employees
 
Projected growth (2006-2016) Little or no change (-2% to 2%) Little or no change (-2% to 2%)
 
Projected need (2006-2016) 441,000 additional employees

State & National

          CareerOneStop

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2007 wage data external site and 2006-2016 employment projections external site. "Projected growth" represents the estimated change in total employment over the projections period (2006-2016). "Projected need" represents job openings due to growth and net replacement.

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Sources of Additional Information

Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.